Gerunds and infinitives yuri was in his first year at university, studying history. Then identify the gerund s function in the sentence as subject, direct object, subjective complement,object of preposition, or appositive. The word football is the gerund complement of the gerund playing. An activity can also be expressed as a subordinate thatclause, which can function as the subject. The gerunds is the object of the verb and refers to the general activity rather than a specific moment of movement. A gerund or gerund phrase can also be the object of a. Gerunds and infinitives apu writing center 6268156000 ext. To form a gerund ad, ding to the base form of a verb and make any necessary spelling changes. The gerund phrase is the object of the preposition after. A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, an ing word, and will include other modifiers andor objects. You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence.
Jul 21, 2017 running is usually an example of a verb, but it isnt always. She is looking forward to visiting his aunt in chicago. Quiz 12 gerunds as objects of prepositions estesinversos. Learning a foreign language is easier at a young age. Defines key grammatical terms such as noun, verb, subject, object, and gerund explains how different types of words are necessary for communicating action and being. Page 2 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do cloze exercise. The use of the gerund as subject is more common than that of the toinfinitive. Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as the subject or the complement of a sentence.
Like nouns, gerunds can be the subject, object or complement of a sentence. Gerund as subject or object english grammar exercises. Gerund as subject or object exercise 1 schoolmanager 20181124t17. Is the gerund in the following sentencesquestions used as a subject, object or as a complement. A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, an ing word, and will include other modifiers and or objects.
Then identify the gerunds function in the sentence as subject, direct object, subjective complement, object of preposition, or appositive. Like a regular gerund, a gerund phrase always functions as a noun, and can act as a subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition. Because a gerund is a noun, it can be the direct object. A gerund can act as the subject of a sentence, as the object of a preposition, or as the object of a verb. Gerunds used as objects level intermediate answer key my notes 1. The gerund can be used as an object of a preposition.
When a gerund has objects modifiers or complements that. A separate page deals with verbs that are followed by the gerund. May 02, 2018 the gerund can be used as a subject complement. Gerunds can serve as an object after a preposition. Students often get confused when trying to use gerund subjects because the gerund is often followed by a plural noun. Here, singing is the subject of the sentence, enjoys is the verb, and singing is the direct object. Page 1 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles gerunds. Nov 16, 2016 gerunds and gerund phrases as objects of prepositions duration.
Gerund as subject and object exercises pdf gerund as. Learning a foreign language is easier at a young age the use of the gerund as subject is more common than that of the toinfinitive. When an action is the subject of a sentence, is it in gerund form. Is the gerund subject or object in the sentence in the following 10 exercises. Singing is a noun acting as an indirect object in the sentence. Now we can use this word the same way we would any other noun. But, like verbs, a gerund can also have an object itself. Gerunds can work alone, or they can be banded together with other words to formulate a gerund phrase.
Gerund phrases always function as nouns, so they will be subjects, subject complements, or objects in the sentence. English lessons with adam learn english engvid 389,842 views. Because a gerund is a noun, it can be an indirect object. The use of the gerund as subject is more common than that of the to. A list of common verbs which are followed by a gerund and an article to illustrarte some of the verbs in context. However, as subjects or complements, gerunds usually sound more like normal, spoken english, whereas infinitives sound more abstract. Gerunds can either stand alone, or they can take a noun the object of the gerund and or modifiers to form a gerund phrase. Which functions of gerunds and infinitives are most common in this selection. Oct 07, 2014 the subject o f a sentence is usually a noun or a pronoun. Gerund is subject gerund is object gerund is complement she hates going out at night.
Find the gerunds and gerund phrases in the following sentences and tell if they are used as a subject, a direct object, a predicate nominative, an appositive, an indirect object, or an object of a preposition. He was rather a lazy student, and he tended to avoid work whenever he could. Avoid discuss finish like prefer dislike go love quit continue enjoy hate miss start begin 5. The ing form is commonly used to create nouns and verbs. Gerund as subject or object exercise 1 english grammar exercises. This exercise is an advanced level multiple choice test with multiple choice questions on gerunds including the topics below.
See grammar notes below for lexical categories parts of speech v, np, adjp and grammatical functions subj, pred, comp. Gerunds after prepositions illustration culture notes many colleges, universities, and high schools in the united states have a student councila group of students often elected to represent the interests of the entire student body. Gerunds as objects a gerunds can be the object of certain verbs. Functions in a sentence because they act like nouns, gerunds can be used as the subject of a sentence, the subject complement of the linking verb be, the object of a preposition, or the object of a verb. When a gerund is used on a sentence, it acts as the noun or subject. Gerunds as subjects a gerund can be the subject of a sentence. Though a gerund may look like a verb, it doesnt behave like one in a sentence.
When you are finished, click the check my work button at the bottom of the page to check. When the gerund is a subject in a sentence, where do you usually see it. In the middle of the semester, his history professor gave out an assignment, due in two weeks. Page 1 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do. Gerunds and infinitives 333 exercise 1 read the following text and underline all gerunds and infinitives. In the following sentences, gerunds sound more natural and would be more common in everyday english. Complete the sentences with the gerund form of the verbs in parentheses. Complete the sentences below by using the ing gerund form of the verbs on the right. Gerund and infinitive phrases the university of texas at dallas. The gerund is the subject of the sentence and refers to the activity of swimming not a specific persons action of swimming. Sir ralph richardson, 19021983 acting is a gerund as a subject.
Contrary to what others believe in, the english language goes beyond the basic subjectverb agreement. Gerunds and infinitives as subjects english grammar. Underline the gerunds or gerund phrases in the following sentences and label how they function in the sentence subject, direct object, subject complement, object of preposition. Find a parking space is quite difficult in this area. The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to understand the difference between the two. A gerund is a verbal that is created by adding an ing ending to an action verb. The gerund can be used as direct object of a sentence. We start with the subject followed by a verb and an object, which has the form of a gerund, and another object. A gerund is a verb form that ends in ing and functions as a noun or object in a sentence or phrase.
Gerund is subject gerund is object gerund is complement. Jan 09, 2016 gerund as subject, object or complement. Waking up early is the gerund phrase that forms the subject of the main verb is. Gerunds can also have predicates of their own, so to speak, which share the predicate structure of their pure verb mothers. Page 1 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun. The gerund phrase consists of the gerund, which always ends in ing, and its modifiers and complements. Like a regular gerund, a gerund phrase always functions as a noun, and can act as a subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition, or predicate nominative in a sentence. Since francisco was five years old, swimming has been his passion. Gerunds gerunds are nouns that look like verbs ending in ing. Then the gerund can be placed in the sentence as a noun would be. The construction workers worried about losing their jobs. When they see a gerund as an activity a nonphysical object, they begin to see the difference between the word as a verb and a noun. Gerunds can appear at the beginning of a sentence when used as a subject.
Subject and object illustration prereading questions have the students look at the cartoon. Whereas the present participle functions as the verb that expresses action or an adjective that describes the subject in a sentence. The gerunds keeping and coughing are objects of prepositions. Exercise on gerund used as a subject english grammar. Subject reading subjects in english are nouns, so the word study is nominalized made into a noun by changing it into a gerund. The gerund phrase is the direct object of finished. General rules gerunds and infinitives 1 gerunds as subjects.
In this case, it can be used as the subject or object of the sentence. Gerunds very frequently function as the direct objects of true verbs. That is, a gerund from a linking verb will have a subject complement after it, a gerund from a transitive action verb will have a direct object of its own, and possibly an indirect object or an object complement, and so on. Word infinitive with an object gerund without an object advise i advise you to go by bus. Gerunds ac at s subjec complementt s phrases that furthe describr. The gerund and the toinfinitive as subject article pdf available in journal of english linguistics 314. Daily grammar quiz for lessons 211215 parts of the. The gerund phrase is the subject of the verb takes.
Quiz for lessons 211 215 parts of the sentence verbals gerunds. A gerund can be the subject or object in a sentence. In this sentence, the subject to vote is linked to the direct object a legal obligation by the verb is. Here the ing form swimming acts as the subject of the verb is. How to teach gerunds and infinitives to esl students. Then identify the function of each one subject, subject complement, noun complement, adjective complement, direct object, or object of preposition. But sometimes, toinfinitives and ing forms are also used as subjects. Complete the sentences using the right form of the verbs in brackets. Page 3 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles exercise on gerunds. Swimming is a good form of exercise for the elderly. How to use gerunds as predicate nouns pen and the pad. Gerunds test exercises multiple choice questions with. Charts see general procedures and suggestions notes see general procedures and suggestions exercises see general procedures and suggestions optional communication activity put these sentence stems on the board under the category of ways to stay healthy. By on may 15, 2017 in intermediate level english, tricky english words.
Gerunds as subjects and objects object grammar verb scribd. Thus, gerunds will be subjects, subject complements, direct objects, indirect objects, and objects of prepositions. Adjectives with prepositions followed by gerunds 161. Is the gerund in the following sentences used as a subject, object or as a complement. A gerund can take on a variety of parts in a sentence. The gerund always has the same function as a noun although it looks like a verb. The negative of a gerund is formed by adding the word not before a gerund. English esl gerunds worksheets most downloaded 3 results. Gerund infinitive gi 5 fill in the gerund with the correct preposition. Verbs can function as verbals in sentences and take on other roles.
Present participles, on the other hand, complete progressive verbs or act as modifiers. Words with a different meaning word infinitive meaning gerund meaning forget remember. Gerunds as subject or objects grammar quiz quizizz. Is the gerund subject or object in the sentence in an exercise. Gerunds as subjects and objects free download as powerpoint presentation. Therefore, it can be an object, the object of a preposition, or a subject complement. Acting is merely the art of keeping a large group of people from coughing. Writing topic sentences with gerunds as the subjects. Swimming in the winter can boost your immune system.
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